Herman Clausen Bohn

Notater:

Herman Clausen Bohn was a Captain, also a councilman (rådmand) and
church-warden (kirkeværge) for Rønne. He owned several farms,
including Bakkegrd, 18' Vdg. Østerlars parish. He was at the
"Herredagen" (Gentlemen's Day) held in 1646, which looked into the
events surrounding the invasion (in 1645) of the Swedish Admiral
Wrangel's forces. Herman Bohn was aquitted of any involvement in
those forces looting of Nexø. During the 1658 rebellion against
against the Swedes he participated in the expedition attacking the
Swedish held Hammershus fortress, and was one of the undersigning
guarantors at that fortress' surrender. See under Jens Pedersen
Kofoed for more on this period in Bornholm's history.

Herman blev gift med Kirstine Madsdatter den 6 dec. 1640. Kirstine blev født den 10 jan. 1624; døde den 14 mar. 1715 i Rønne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

1. Karen Hermansdatter Bohn blev født i 1644 i Rønne; døde i 1702 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; blev begravet den 7 feb. 1702.
2. Mads Hermansen Bohn blev født den 4 jul. 1649 i Rønne2; døde den 10 aug. 1716 i Nexø.
3. Jørgen Hermansen Bohn blev født cirka 1650 i Rønne; døde i 1726 i Prgd. Baggård, Klemensker Sogn.
4. Kirstine Hermansdatter Bohn blev født den 4 okt. 1654 i Rønne2; døde den 5 aug. 1729.
5. Margrethe Hermansdatter Bohn blev født i dec. 1657 i Rønne; døde i 1732 i 24. sgd. Vestre Åbygård, Nyker Sogn.

Notater:

Named as "Claus Hermandsen, a citizen of Rønne" he is recorded on
June 16, 1611 as giving a receipt to "Lensherren" Hans Lindenov for
the amount 1 Rigsdaler and 22 danish Skillings. This amount was paid
to him for "thoe thylcher lange stthnske Legter." (This last possibly
states it was for an order of building-timber.)

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.12833 (Sommer)

Notater:

Skipper 1584 Købmand 1586
seglmærke kvist med 6 Bønner og syv blade i 1660
1604 - 1609 Rådmand i Rønne

Herman Bohn is considered to be the founder of the Bohn family-line
on Bornholm and probably emigrated from Lübeck in Germany. He is
found mentioned for the first time in the financial statements of the


royal official Hendrik Brahe for the fiscal year 1585/86. Among his
expenses is listed the following: "Given to Harmenn Bonne in Rønnde
for XM bricks bought by him in Lübeck." According to this Herman Bohn


was a merchant in Rønne around 1586, and probably one of the most
influential.
We can further surmise that it was his own ship that sailed to Lübeck


for the above mentioned bricks. The above shown spelling of merchant
Bohn's given name: Harmen, is still the way in which that name is
pronounced on Bornholm today. And since the low-german spelling was
used by the royal official in 1586, it is a further indication that
Harmenn Bonne came from Deutschland; also his father's name was never


used in his signature and remains unknown on Bornholm. Herman Bohn
went on to win acknowledgement from the Citizens (Borgere) of Rønne
and he became a Councillor (Rådmand) for the town. We can find his
signature several times, i.e. in documents dating
from September 4, 1604 and April 28, 1609, where he signs himself:
Hermand Boen.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-98.

Herman blev gift med NN Henningsdatter Gagge. NN (datter af Henning Jørgensen Gagge og Elisabeth Elline Clausdatter Kames) blev født efter 1554 i Prgd. Store Almegård, Knudsker Sogn; døde i 1622 i Rønne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.12834 (Sommer)

Notater:

Reference: 9273

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.25667 (Sommer)
• Beskæftigelse: fra 1551 til 1562; Jurisdiktionsfoged på Bornholm

Notater:

Jurisdiktionsfoged 1551
1555 26. sgd. Store Almegård i Knudsker
Lehnsgård i Østerlars.
Kure (Stoe Almegård 0g 26. sgd. Stæl, Knudsker Sogn)
Henning Gagge fra Spidlegård i Aaker (som var ejer af Spidlegårdsgodset) giftede sig med datteren på gården Elsebeth Clausdatter Kames, som havde arvet Store Almegård, da faderen døde. Deres søn Jørgen Gagge arvede Store Almegård, da faderen døde i 1562. Se i øvrigt (BS) rk. 1, bind 21, side 23, M. K. Zarthmanns optegnelser over Almegård i Knudsker sogn.

Note (Overført juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

The Reformation had penetrated the Scandinavian countries in the early 1500s; the introduction of Protestantism was supported by merchants and peasants, and by devout priests who had become followers of Martin Luther. King Frederik I (reigned 1523-1533), who became quite religious in his later years, strongly promoted the establishment of the Lutheran Church. He allowed the leading Danish religious reformer, Hans Tavsen, to preach in the church at Viborg and ordered many Catholic churches in the region destroyed, despite violent protests. It was King Christian III (reigned 1534-1559), son of Frederik I, who established the state Lutheran Church in Denmark. With the support of the Rigsrad – his advising council of lay members - the king ordered all Roman Catholic property turned over to the crown, and declared the Lutheran Church the national church of Denmark with the king as its head.

First occasion that Henning Gagge is named with good authority is as the king's "domsmand" (juror) in Nyborg on December 2, 1550. Henning Gagge was an courtier at the Royal Court in København when King Christian III, on July 21, 1551, proclaimed him as manager and bailiff over all the property on Bornholm formerly owned by the Roman Catholic Church; this included the responsibility of looking after the poor, and all the hospitals on Bornholm.

Henning Gagge was a "Hofsinde" (Courtier) at King Christian III's court in København until 1551. In that same year, on the 21st of July, Henning was commissioned as the "Jurisdiktionsfoged" (Chief Bailiff) representing the crown as the manager all the property on Bornholm formerly owned by the Roman Catholic Church. Simultaneously the King Christian III also bestowed upon Henning Gagge the St. Jørgen Hospital-estate, with its 15 attached "skattegårde" (tax-property farms) to manage for the crown; this included the responsibility of looking after the poor. The King also gave to him Spidlegård (also spelled: Spillegård or Spitalsgård) in Åker parish for his personal use. This was quite a coup for Henning Gagge, for although he was of the Danish minor nobility he not in line for either a title or inheritance: he was not a wealthy man and needed such employment.

In the letter, dated St. Marie Magdalene Evening (July 21) 1551, the king commanded all his peasants and servants, those not under the authority of Hammershus (controlled by the Lübeck regime), to answer to Henning Gagge. He was to dwell at Spidlegård and thereafter support the many poor "som rennthenn ther tilligger tole kanndt"; he shall hold the hospital's property - its authority and the workers which lie thereunder, follow good law and discretion, and not trouble them with new duties ornew oppressions; he shall protect the island's forests and prevent those not privileged to do so from cutting them; and finally he shall account for the (king's) tenth-portion of the jurisdiction, consisting of his share of: butter, grain, money, and from any second portion thereof he shall send half to the king and even himself enjoy the other half.

Henning's brother, Peder Gagge, inherited their father's farm: Lensgård in Østerlars. The same year (1551) that the King installed Henning Gagge as bailiff he also proclaimed Peder Gagge as Co-Justice (Meddommer), together with Hans Berildsen, for Bornholm's governing body (the "Landsting", an institution which no longer exists). The king made this move in response to the Lübeck authorities appointing their own man, Hans Reymer the mayor of Rønne, as Bornholm's chief justice (landsdommer). As the King's faithful men, the two brothers built up strong legal defenses against Hanseatic League city of Lübeck; which had gained "temporary" legal control of Bornholm for 50 years, starting in 1525, as a result of Christian III's father Frederik I's inability to pay debts he owed to that city. They had the right to levy taxes upon the inhabitants, this they did unmercifully - i.e. in 1555 Lübeck was forced to return 4,000 units of silver it had obtained through over-taxation. The Bornholmers are recorded to have groaned under the Hansa's rule, and declared "they would rather be under the Turks, than under the German, Christian, imperial free-city."

Henning and Elsebeth must have been married quite soon after Henning's return to the island, as their son Jørgen Gagge shows up as a young "væbner" (squire) at the "frimandsmødet" (freeman meeting) of September 6, 1572, and so he must have been at least 20 years old, thus born circa 1552 (if we assume that Henning was first married after his return to Bornholm in 1551).

Both Henning and Peder Gagge were active fighters in support of their fellow free-men, and peasants, on Bornholm in their struggle for lower tax-payments to the Lübeck council. With King Christian III as their ally, the two brothers made considerable gains protecting the legal rights of the inhabitants, and in maintaining the right of ownership the danish crown had on Bornholm, during their dealings with the learned scholar in Roman Law and Lübeck representative: Herman Boitin, commander of Hammershus fortress. In fact Peder Gagge's behaviour was so aggressive that Commander Boitin complained to the Lübeck council that Peder Gagge wished to decide all matters his own way, and further more insited the people to disobey and riot against Lübeck and its representatives on Bornholm.

During a meeting of the High-Court in København in the summer of 1553, a farmer named Hans Hintse of Rø parish presented a document, written and signed by Co-Justices Peder Gagge and Hans Berildsen, to the effect that he was granted ownership to a particular farm in question. This was approved by the court, even though Commander Boitin and Chief Justice Reymer had condemned Gagge's treatment of the case as highly improper and defiant. Spokesmen for Lübeck's council laid a complaint about Peder Gagge during a meeting with King Christian III in Kolding in October of 1553. Apparently the King must have put a stop to Peder Gagge's monopoly of decision-making, as not much was later heard from him in council-matters - even though he carried on as co-justice until his death in 1559.

On September 10, 1555 he placed his seal on a document which describes him as being "til Almegordt" (of [Store] Almegård in Knudsker parish). Henning Gagge was instrumental in organizing an important meeting at Maglegård in Østermarie parish, between the Danish and Lübeck councils, wherein complaints were settled and strict rules on future taxation were hammered out. Henning Gagge had married Elsebeth Kames, the sister of Claus Kames - a burgher in Rønne. Of Henning's wife not much is known other than that on the 15th of July 1562 the widow "Elline" received an order to report the accounts for the last two years takings, which her deceased husband had not yet remaindered.

J.A. Jørgensen named Henning Gagge's wife as "Elline" (see: "Væbner, adelog frimænd", pages 28 and 29). While Bornholm historian and genealogist Dr. M.K. Zahrtmann gives her name as either Elline or Elsebet, they were married before 1552. One of her brother's descendants is the Mayor (Borgmester) and Militia Captain (Borgerkaptajn) Claus Kames. In 1555 the couple moved to Store Almegård, a proprietairgård (later combinedwith 26 Slg.) in Knudsker parish. Their son Jørgen Gagge later inherited Store Almegård. It was there that Henning Gagge passed away in 1562, and where "Elsebeth" died in 1578. Elsebeth Kames was buried, together with her husband, in front of the alter of the church in Rønne. Even up until "Amtmand" (Prefect) Johan Christian Urne's time, in 1756, their gravestone could still be seen in the church, it read: "1562 29 Jun. Døde S. Henning Gagge. 1578 23 Oct. Døde S. Elsebet Kams"; later there was added: "Denne sten oc sted hører Henning Bon oc Clawes Bon og begge deres arvinger. A. 1622."

In "Borringholmerens Historiebog" M.K. Zahrtmann states the following on page 134:
Henning Gagge var efter Grevefejden den første kongeligt satte Øvrighedsmand med Bopæl paa Landeet selv og tog mangen Dyst med den lybske Høvidsmand paa Hammershus. Han ægtede inden 1555 Elsebet Clausdatter Kames af den kendte Raadmandsslægt i Rønne og fik med hende flere Gaarde; Ægteparret bosatte sig paa den største af disse, Almegaard i Knudsker, hvor han døde 29 Juni 1562 og hun 23 Okt. 1578.

On September 7, 1575, Frederik II (the son of Christian III) informed Lübeck, "that the fifty years' possession, accorded to them by his grandfather, would have expired on the 19th of the month, and he intended to retake possession of the island." The city replied that the "Peace of Hamburg" extended their rights of possession which they held for unpaid Danish debts. Frederik replied the treaty was invalid since his father, who had made it, was not crowned at the time, and he himself had not been consulted in the matter. Complain as they might the Lübeck'ers had neither the power nor the ability to stop the take over.

Peder Gagge's son, also named Peder Gagge, inherited his father's farm: Lensgård in Østerlars. Peder (Pedersen) Gagge is reputed to have been a very brutal man, who had killed a number of people, both on Bornholm and in other locations, for which he was finally seized and installed in Hammershus. The island's vassal, Falcon Giøe, asked the four councilors of the realm, who governed the kingdom during King Christian IV's minority, what he should do with Peder Gagge, who after all was a freeman; whether he should be jailed or sent to Draxholm, where one of the councillors lived. The answer Giøe received was that it was not recommended to jail him, since Peder Gagge was a freeman, but only to hold him in custody in Hammershus until judgment was passed upon him. The judgement handed down in 1590 was that Peder Gagge was to lose his neck.

(Sources: Dansk Adelsårbog, volume XX, page 147; for his coat of arms (våbenskjold) see "Heraldisk tidsskrift", nr. 43, 1981.)

The following according to Sigvard Mahler Dam, 2013:
Laurids de Thurah published a description of Bornholm and Christiansø in 1756, and the author of many of the details was "Amtmand" (Prefect) Urne[= Johan Christian Urne (1705-1787), Prefect for Bornholm from 1740]. He received a copy of the book in which he made corrections and additions to the text - this copy can be found in manuscript collection in the Royal Library, New Royal colletion 726b-4o. In this book, Henning Gagge and Elsebeth's tombstone was drawn in a rough sketch, in which can be seen Henning Gagge's coat-of-arms, and next to it is Elsebeth's, and which is basically a mirror image of his own - which must mean that his wife's family did not have had a coat-of-arms. Incidentally, there are no sources mentioning that the couple died at Store Almegård (Zahrtmannagain!). So it is strange that they were buried in Rønne Church. If Elsebeth was a from a wealthy burgher family in Rønne, then it's probably more likely that she had brought her husband a merchant's house in Rønne as dowry, rather than Store Almegård, and the couple have probably lived there. This farm was probably passed down to their daughter of unknown name, who married Herman Bohn, whose sons also inherited the Gagge's burial site in Rønne church. After Henning Gagge's death the king sent are quest to his widow on July 15, 1562, to finalize the financial statements for the Royal property Spidlegård, his widow is named here as "Elline" or Ellen. However, on her headstone her name is Elsebeth, so this can easily be a mistake which occurred in the chancellery.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Henning blev gift med Elisabeth Elline Clausdatter Kames i 1552. Elisabeth (datter af Claus Kames) blev født i 1518/1530 i Rønne; døde den 23 okt. 1578 i Prgd. Store Almegård, Knudsker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.25668 (Sommer)
• Alias: Elsebeth Clausdatter Kames

Notater:

måske datter af
26.sgd. Store Almegård, Knudsker

En af hendes brors efterkommere er borgmester og borgerkaptajn Claus
Kames. Han er en af byens 5 rådmænd under opstanden i 1658. Spiller her
en væsentlig rolle. Bliver hovedsmand på Hammershus efter opstanden.
Eline ligger sammen med sin mand begravet foran alteret i Rønne Kirke.
J. A. Jørgensen kalder hende Eline, se Væbner, adel og frimænd side 28 og
29. Zahrtmann siger Elisabeth. 1/134 og 202. Hun medbringer flere
gårde, herunder St. Almegård i Rønne, som de flytter til.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2002.

Koefoed/Norman har forskellige fødselsår og fornavne

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.51333 (Sommer)

Notater:

våbenskjold i Heraldisk tidsskrift nr.43 1981
1522 Lehnsgård i Østerlars
Kongens Jurisdiktfoged på Bornholm

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 16.53937 (Garde)

Notater:

Occupation: Councilman (Rådmand) for
Reference: HA/BO note
A shipping-agent Claus Kames (also spelled Kamitz) moved to Bornholm


from
Scotland, where Kames was a fishing-villiage on the Clyde River in
the Greenoch region. Records show he was a Councilman in Rønne in
1584. Probably owned St. Almegård, 26' Slg. in Knudsker parish. He
must have been a man of wealth and position in order for his daughter


Elsebeth to have married the nobleman Henning Gagge.

1558 Skibsreder i Rønne
Skibsreder, tilflyttet Bornholm fra Skotland, hvor Kames er en
fiskerby ved Clyde ud for Greenoch. Synes at have ejet Almegård.

Note (Kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Nothing is known about the father of the siblings Claus and Elsebeth Kames, however, he must have been a man of wealth and position in order for his daughter Elsebeth to have married the Freeman Henning Gagge, however it is not known whether or not his family were of the minor nobility. It is speculated that he was a "Borger" (burgher) in Rønne, however he can not be found mentioned in any of the records naming the burghers of Rønne in the early-1500s. Possibly Claus Kames arrived on Bornholm circa 1545, along with (or followed soon after by) his sister Elsebeth, with the arrangement of her marriage (c.1551) to Henning Gagge?

In "Det Gamle Rønne" (1920) and "Rønne By og Borgere" (page 38, pub. 1927) Dr. M.K. Zahrtmann speculates that the Kames family (aka Kamiz, Kams, Kamb, Camp, Kam) origins are in Scotland, where Kames was a fishing-villiage on the Clyde River in the Greenoch region.

From "Det Gamle Rønne" by M.K. Zahrtmann, Bornholmske Samlinger, vol. I, book 13 (1920):
En anden Rønneslægt, som igjennem Hundred Aar nævntes blandt Byens første, var Slægten Kames eller, som Bornholmerne udtalte Navnet, Kam. Det var dem fremmed; Slægten var rimeligvis indvandret fra Skotland. Elsebet Kames blev omkring Aar 1552 gift med den bornholmske Adelsmand Henning Gagge, Kongens Jurisdiktfoged paa Bornholm; Ægteparret ejede Almegaard i Knudsker Sogn, et Par Kilometre Nordøst for Rønne; her døde han 29. Juni 1562 og hun 23 Oktober 1578. Hun var, efter Tiden at dømme, Søster til eller Datter af den ældste Claus Kames i Rønne, hvis Hustru Margrete døde 10 Maj 1593. Denne havde, siger Sagnet, i en Dyrtid sat et stort Forraad Brød til Bagning i sin Ovn, da en Stodder tiggede om Brød ved hendes Dør; hun afviste ham med de Ord: "Jeg ejer selv ikke Brød i Huset." Da hun senere skulde tage sine Brød ud af Ovnen, fandt hun sit Ord gjort til Sandhed, idet alle Brødene var forvandlede til Sten. De bornholmske Stenbrød tilhøre ikke Sagnriget; Greve Christian Rantzov, som 1661 kom til Landet for at tage Bornholmerne i Ed til deres nye Arvekonge Frederik den Tredje, førte et af dem med sig over til Kongen, og Magistraten i Rønne udstedte sit Vidnesbyrd, forsynet med Stadens Segl, om at det virkeligt var blevet til paa den skildrede Maade. Endnu Hundred Aar senere saas dette vidunderlige Stenbrød paa det kongelige Kunstkammer i København. En yngre Claus Kames sad 1648 som Raadmand i, Rønne sammen med sin Søn Claus Clausen Kames, der var Byens Borgermester 1658 og 1661 og greb virksomt og kraftigt ind i Opstanden mod Svenskevældet 1658, da Landets samlede Stænder 9 December valgte ham til midlertidig Landshøvding i den dræbte Printzenskölds Sted. Efter sin Slægtning Sivert Gagges Død 30, Juli 1661 tog han ud at styre Myregaard i Aaker Sogn for hans Enke; efter hendes Død flyttede han i Slutningen af Aaret 1667 til Baasegaard i Nylarsker, hvor han døde omkring Aaret 1676. I Rønne hørtes senere kun lidet til Slægten Kames.

However, Sigvard Mahler Dam points out that as the name can also be found spelled Kamitz, a similiar argument could be made that the family was originally from Saxony, as there was an estate called Kamitz (a district in the municipality of Arzberg in Northern Saxony) that belonged to Dobrilugk (aka Doberlug) monastery in the town "Cosmatitz" (aka Kosmatitz). In 1510 Kamitz belonged to Johann von Toyse, of a family that were members of the knights in Torgau. In Sweden in the 1600s there was a George (Göran) Mattsson Camitz born circa 1623 in Silesia and who died in 1687 in Sweden.

Notably closer to Bornholm, there is a place called Camitz in the municipality of Semlow in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern - possibly this is the origin of the Kami[t]z/Kames/Kamb/Cam/Kam family? - Norman Lee Madsen, March 6, 2014.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada.